~Weights/Measures~

Oven Temperatures;

Slow = 300*
Slow moderate = 325*
Moderate = 350*
Quick moderate = 375*
Moderately hot= 400*
Hot = 425*
Very hot = 475*
--------------------------

Deep-Fat frying temperatures
without a thermometer;

ex; A 1-inch cube of white
bread will turn golden brown;

345*-355* in 65 seconds
355*-365* in 60 seconds
365*-375* in 50 seconds
375*-385* in 40 seconds
385*-395* in 20 seconds
----------------------------

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Metric;

1/2 tspn. = 3 milliliters
1 tspn. = 5 milliliters
1 Tblspn. = 15 milliliters
1 cup = 240 milliliters
1 quart = 0.946 liters
1 gallon = 3.785 liters
1 liters = 1.057 quarts
1 ounce = 28.35 grams
1 pound = 454 grams
1 gram = 0.035 ounces
1 kilo = 2.205 pounds
1 inch = 2.54 centimeters
1 centimeter = 0.39 inch

1 Tblspn = 3 tspn = 14.8 milliliters
2 Tbspn =1 ounce = 29.6 milliliters
1 jigger = 1 1/2 ounce = 44.4 milliliters
1/4 cup = 4 Tblspn = 59.2 milliliters
1/3 cup = 5 Tblspn plus 1 tspn = 78.9 milliliters
1/2 cup = 8 Tblspn = 118.4 milliliters
1 cup = 16 Tblspn = 236.8 milliliters
1 pint = 2 cups = 473.6 milliliters
1 quart = 4 cups = 947.2 milliliters
1 liter = 4 cups plus 3 Tblspn = 1,000.0 milliliters
1 ounce (dry) = 2 Tblspn = 28.35 grams
1 pound = 16 ounces = 453.59 grams
2.21 pounds = 35.3 ounces = 1.00 kilogram

Can Sizes/Content Amount;
(most common used by
commercial canners)

8 Ounce can = 1 cup
Picnic can = 1 1/4 cup
No. 300 can = 1 3/4 cup
No. 1 tall can = 2 cups
No. 303 can = 2 cups
No. 2 can = 2 1/2 cups
No. 3 can = 4 cups
No. 10 can = 12 to 13 cups

Barn Braining

~Weights/Measures~

Household Measures;

pinch, or, dash = about 1/8 tspn.
120 drops of water = 1 tspn.
60 drops thick fluid = 1 tspn.
2 tspns. = 1 dessert spoon
3 tspns. = 1 Tblspn.
16 Tblspns. = 1 cup
8 fluid ounces = 1 cup
16 fluid ounces = 1 pint
16 ounces = 1 pound
32 fluid ounces = 1 quart
128 fluid ounces = 1 gallon
1 cup = 1/2 pint
2 cups = 1 pint
2 pints (4 cups) = 1 quart
4 quarts (liquid) = 1 gallon
8 quarts (solid) = 1 peck
4 pecks = 1 bushel
3 Tblspns. flour = 1 ounce
2 Tblspns. butter = 1 ounce
2 cups granulated sugar = 1 pound
3 3/4 cups confectioners sugar = 1 pound
2 3/4 cups brown sugar = 1 pound
3 1/2 cups wheat flour = 1 pound
5 1/3 cups dry coffee = 1 pound
4 cups cocoa = 1 pound
6 1/2 cups dry tea = 1 pound
2 cups shortening = 1 pound
2 sticks butter = 1 cup
3 cups cornmeal = 1 pound
2 Tblspns. sugar = 1 ounce
3 1/2 cups walnuts (chopped) = 1 pound
9 eggs = 1 pound
8 egg whites = 1 cup
16 egg yolks = 1 cup
1 ounce yeast = 1 scant Tblspn.
60 apples = 1 bushel
52 beans = 1 bushel
24 beets = 1 bushel
56 carrots = 1 bushel
55 flour = 1 bushel
54 onions = 1 bushel
45 parsnips = 1 bushel
50 potatoes = 1 bushel
60 string beans = 1 bushel
60 sweet potatoes = 1 bushel
48 tomatoes = 1 bushel
196 turnips = 1 bushel

Conversion Factors for Units
of Volume;

To Convert from;/ To;/ Mulitiply by

teaspoon;/ milliliters;/ 5
Tablespoon;/ milliliters;/ 15
Fluid Ounces;/ milliliters;/ 30
Cups;/ liters;/ 0.24
Pints;/ liters;/ 0.47
quarts;/ liters;/ 0.95
gallons;/ liters;/ 3.8
Cubic Feet;/ Cubic meters;/ 0.03
Cubic yards;/ Cubic meters;/ 0.76

milliliters;/ fluid ounces;/ 0.03
liters;/ pints;/ 2.1
liters;/ quarts;/1.06
liters;/ gallons;/ 0.26
Cubic meters;/ Cubic feet;/ 35
Cubic meter;/ Cubic yards;/1.3

Measuring Fruit;

Apples; 1 lb. (3 or 4 med.) = 3 cups sliced

Bananas; 1 lb. ( 3 or 4 med.) = 1 3/4 cups mashed

Berries; 1 quart = 3 1/2 cups

Dates; 1 lb. = 2 1/2 cups

Lemon; 1 whole = 1 to 3 Tblspns juice, or, 1 to 1 1/2 tspns grated rind

Lime; 1 = 1 1/2 to 2 Tblspns juice

Orange; 1 med. = 6 to 8 Tblspns jusice, or, 2 to 3 Tblspns grated rind

Peaches; 1 lb. ( 4 med.) = 3 cups sliced

Pears; 1 lb. ( 4 med.) = 2 cups sliced

Rhubarb; 1 lb. = 2 cups cooked

Strawberries; 1 quart = 4 cups sliced

Measuring Vegetables;

Asparagus; 1 lb. = 3 cups chopped

Beans (string); 1 lb. = 4 cups chopped

Beets; 1 lb. (5 med.) = 2 1/2 cups chopped

Broccoli; 1/2 lb. = 6 cups chopped

Cabbage; 1 lb. = 4 1/2 cups shredded

Carrots; 1 lb. = 3 1/2 cups sliced or grated

Celery; 1 lb. = 4 cups chopped

Cucumber; 1 lb. ( 2 med.) = 4 cups sliced

Garlic; 1 clove = 1 tspn. chopped

Leaks; 1 lb. = 4 cups chopped, or, 2 cups cooked

Mushrooms; 1 lb. = 5 to 6 cups sliced, or, 2 cups cooked

Onions; 1 lb. = 4 cups sliced, or, 2 cups cooked

Parsnips; 1 lb. unpeeled= 1 1/2 cups cooked and pureed

Peas; 1 lb. whole = 1 to 1 1/2 cups shelled

Potatoes; 1 lb. (3 med) sliced = 2 cups mashed

Pumpkin; 1 lb. = 4 cups chopped, or , 2 cups cooked and drained

Spinach; 1 lb. = 3/4 to 1 cup cooked

Squash (summer); 1 lb. = 4 cups grated, or , 2 cups salted and drained

Squash (winter); 2 lbs. = 2 1/2 cups cooked, pureed

Sweet Potatoes; 1 lb. = 4 cups grated, or, 1 cup cooked and pureed

Swiss chard; 1 lb. = 5 to 6 cups packed leaves, or, 1 to 1 1/2 cups cooked

Tomatoes; 1 lb. (3 to 4 med) = 1 1/2 cups seeded pulp

Turnips; 1 lb. = 4 cups chopped, or, 2 cups cooked, mashed